الذكاء الإصطناعي التوليدي: تداعيات وتساؤلات قانونية
Corresponding Author(s) : Dr Marwa Zein
مجلة القانون والتكنولوجيا ,
مجلد 3 عدد 1 (2023)
الملخص
تعد تقنيات الذكاء الاصطناعي الأكثر شهرة الآن وبعد أن قامت شركة Open AI بطرح الإصدارات المختلفة لCHAT GPT أثار هذا العديد من التساؤلات القانونية والتقنية أيضًا وأثار ذلك فضول المستخدمين حول العالم. مما دفع كثير منهم إلى تجربة هذه التقنيات، ولكن استخدمت العديد من الشركات أيضًا هذه التقنيات في أغراض الأعمال وقد أدت المطلوب بفاعلية عالية وفي القريب سوف تصبح تقنيات الذكاء الاصطناعي وخاصة الذكاء الاصطناعي التوليدي مثل ChatGPT - - محل استخدام وبشكل يومي حيث تخطط أكبر الشركات التي تعمل في مجال تكنولوجيا المعلومات ومثل جوحل و مايكروسوفت بدمج تلك التقنيات في تطبيقاتها التي نستخدمها بشكل يومي. يثير ذلك عددًا من التساؤلات القانونية المتعلقة بالمليكة الفكرية وحقوق العمال إلى جاني تطبيقات مثل هذه التقنيات في التعليم وآثارها على جودة التعليم واستخدام الطلاب لها بأشكال منافية للتعاليم والتقاليد الجامعية. يحب التحرك بشكل سريع لوضع أطر قانونية تنظم مثل هذه التقنيات بدلًا من نهج المنع التي اتخذته بعض التشريعات للتعامل مع التقنيات الحديثة ولم تقدر الاستفادة المادية والاقتصادية المتوقعة من مثل هذه التقنيات.
أصبح التطور التكنولوجي واقع متسارع يجب التعامل معه بالشكل والألية التي تتناسب معه، وليست الطرق والأطر التنظيمية العادية، وحيث أن هذه التقنية لم تنضج بعد ولم يطهر كامل تطبيقاتها وعواقبها تباعًا، نحاول في هذا المقال شرح هذه التقنية ولفت الانتباه للمشكلات القانونية التي تثيرها باستقراء الوضع الحالي لما ظهر من تطبيقات في محاولة لتسليط الضوء على ضرورة دراسة أطر تنظيمية مستحدثة لتحقيق أهداف القانون والعدالة.
تنزيل الاقتباسات
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)BibTeX
- McCarthy, J., Minsky, M. L., Rochester, N., & Shannon, C. E. (2006). A Proposal for the Dartmouth Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence, August 31, 1955. AI Magazine, 27(4), 12. https://doi.org/10.1609/aimag.v27i4.1904
- Wooldridge, M., 'A Brief History of Artificial Intelligence: What It Is, Where We Are, and Where We Are Going'
- (2021) The Master Algorithm: How the Quest for the Ultimate Learning Machine Will Remake Our World [Online] https://www.penguin.co.uk/articles/2021/march/a-brief-history-of-artificial-intelligence.html accessed 24 April
- Interesting Engineering, 'AI Might Be the Future for Weather Forecasting' (2019) Interesting Engineering [Online] https://interestingengineering.com/ai-might-be-the-future-for-weather-forecasting accessed 26 April 2023.
- See Church, A. (1937). A. M. Turing. On computable numbers, with an application to the Entscheidungs problcm. Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society, 2 s. vol. 42 (1936–1937), pp. 230–265. The Journal of Symbolic Logic, 2(1), 42-43. doi:10.2307/2268808 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S002248120003958X
- Copeland, Jack (ed.) (2004). 'The Essential Turing: Seminal Writings in Computing, Logic, Philosophy, Artificial Intelligence, and Artificial Life: Plus the Secrets of Enigma'. Oxford University Press, and Copeland, Jack, (1997) 'The Church-Turing Thesis' Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy [Online) https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/church-turing/ accessed 24 April 2023.
- Turing, A.M. (1950) Computing Machinery and Intelligence. Mind, 59, 433-460. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/mind/LIX.236.433
- Independent, 'John McCarthy: Computer scientist known as the father of Al' (2011).
- Saxena, A., 'Rosenblatt's perceptron, the first modern neural network' (2019) Towards Data Science [Online] https://towardsdatascience.com/rosenblatts-perceptron-the-first-modern-neural-network-3f08dfdacc80 accessed
- April 2023.
- Kurzweil, R., The Singularity Is Near: When Humans Transcend Biology (Penguin, 2006).
- Stanford University, 'Arthur Samuel (1901-1990) (n.d.) Stanford University [Online] http://infolab.stanford.edu/pub/voy/museum/samuel.html accessed 24 April 2023.
- Brownlee, J., 'Types of Learning in Machine Learning' (2019) Machine Learning Mastery [Online] https://machinelearningmastery.com/types-of-learning-in-machine-learning/ accessed 6 May 2023.
- ENLETS, 'Final Synthetic Reality: Deep fakes Impact on Police Work' (2021) [PDF] Available at:
- https://enlets.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Final-Synthetic-Reality-Deep-fakes-Impact-on-Police-Work-
- 11.21.pdf accessed 25 April 2023.
- Brownlee, J., 'What Are Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs)?' (2019) Machine Learning Mastery [Online] https://machinelearningmastery.com/what-are-generative-adversarial-networks-gans/ accessed 6 May 2023.
- Pathmind Wiki, 'Generative Adversarial Network (GAN)' (n.d.) Pathmind Wiki [Online) https://wiki.pathmind.com/generative-adversarial-network-gan accessed 25 April 2023.
- Clickworker, 'Generative Adversarial Networks' (n.d.) Clickworker [Online] https://www.clickworker.com/ai-glossary/generative-adversarial-networks/ accessed 6 May 2023.
- Arjovsky, M., Chintala, S. and Bottou, L., 'Wasserstein GAN' (2017) Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 30, Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS), Long Beach, California, 4-9 December 2017, pp. 5769-5779. [Online] Available at: https://proceedings.neurips.cc/paper files/paper/2017/file/3f5ee243547dee91fbd053c1c4a845aa-Paper.pdf (last accessed: 6 May 2023).
- Guru99, 'Seq2Seq Model: Deep Learning for Sequence-to-Sequence Learning' (2022) Guru99 [Online] https://www.guru99.com/seq2seg-model.html accessed 6 May 2023.
- Kapoor, R., 'Day 1-2: Attention Seq2Seq Models' (2019) Towards Data Science [Online]
- https://towardsdatascience.com/dav-1-2-attention-seq2seq-models-65dt3t49e263 accessed 6 May 2023.
- Mei, K., 'How ChatGPT Works: The Models Behind the Bot' (2021) Towards Data Science [Online] https://towardsdatascience.com/how-chatgpt-works-the-models-behind-the-bot-1c5fca96286 accessed
- May 2023.
- Gates, B., 'The Age of Al Has Begun' Gates Notes [Online] https://www.gatesnotes.com/The-Age-of-Al-Has-Begun accessed 24 April 2023.
- Smith, B., 'Reinventing Search with a New, Al-Powered Microsoft Bing and Edge-Your Copilot for the Web'
- (2023) Microsoft Blog [Online] https://blogs.microsoft.com/biog/2023/02/07/reinventing-search-with-a-new-ai-powered-microsoft-bing-and-edge-your-copilot-for-the-web/accessed 24 April 2023.
- Title 17, US Code (2022).
- Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, c 48, s 16 to 28
- Griffiths, J., "Moral Rights from a Copyright Perspective" (2015) 38(3) European Intellectual Property Review 145-151.
- Kretschmer, M., & Klimis, G. M., 'Understanding the Value of Copyright' (2019) 14(1) Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice 5
- Getty Images (US), Inc. v Stability AI, Inc., D. Del., No. 1:99-mc-09999, filed 2/3/23.
- T. Rowe Price, 'Al: The Next Big Thing Is Here, and Everywhere' (2019)
- https://www.troweprice.com/content/dam/tpd/Articles/PDFS/5885%20A1%20THE%20NEXT%20BIG%20THING%2015%20HERE,%20AND%20EVERYWHERE.pdf accessed 25 April 2023
- Directive (EU) 2019/790 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 April 2019 on copyright and related rights in the Digital Single Market and amending Directives 96/9/EC and 2001/29/EC OJ L 130/92 (2019)
- Bus LR 375, [2021] EWCA Civ 1374, [2021] RPC 19, Thaler (Appellant) v Comptroller-General of Patents, Designs and Trademarks (Respondent) (UK court of appeal)
- (3) In the case of a literary, dramatic, musical or artistic work which is computer-generated, the author shall be taken to be the person by whom the arrangements necessary for the creation of the work are undertaken.
- US Copyright Office, 'Artificial Intelligence and Copyright' (Policy Guidance, 22 December 2020) https://www.copyright.gov/ai/ai_policy_guidance.pdf accessed 25 April 2023
- N Bodenhausen, 'Artificial Intelligence and the Limits of Legal Personality' (2020) 7(2) European Journal of Legal Studies 48
- Garante per la Protezione dei Dati Personali, "Provision of March 30, 2023 [9870832]" (2023) https://www.gpdp.it/web/guest/home/docweb/-/docweb-display/docweb/9870832.
- OpenAI, ‘Usage Policies’ (OpenAI, n.d) https://openai.com/policies/usage-policies accessed 25 April 2023.
- Singh A, 'Belgian man takes life after 6-week conversations with chatbot about climate issues', ThePrint (2 February 2019) https://theprint.in/world/belgian-man-takes-life-after-6-week-conversations-with-chatbot-about-climate-issues/1483472/?mibextid=Zxz2cZ accessed 25 April 2023.
- Bryan Casey, 'The Legal Personhood of Artificial Intelligences' (2019) 33(2) Artificial Intelligence and Law 155. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1344/rbd2019.0.27064
- EU Agency for Fundamental Rights, 'Getting the future right – Artificial intelligence and fundamental rights in the EU' (2022) https://fra.europa.eu/sites/default/files/fra_uploads/fra-2022-bias-in-algorithms_en.pdf accessed 26 April 2023.
- Lauren Smith, "Machine Bias: Artificial Intelligence and Discrimination" (2019) ResearchGate https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334721591.
- Council of Europe, 'European Ethical Charter on the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Judicial Systems' (adopted on 3 December 2020) https://www.europarl.europa.eu/cmsdata/196205/COUNCIL%20OF%20EUROPE%20-%20European%20Ethical%20Charter%20on%20the%20use%20of%20AI%20in%20judicial%20systems.pdf accessed 26 April 2023.
- Mobley v. Workday, Inc., N.D. Cal., No. 23-cv-00770, complaint filed 21 February 2023. On February 21, 2023,
- Regulation (EU) 2022/1925 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 6 April 2022 on contestable and fair markets in the digital sector (Digital Markets Act) | (2022) | OJ L 145/1 | [Accessed 27 April 2023]
- Höppner, Thomas and Streatfeild, Luke, ChatGPT, Bard & Co.: An Introduction to AI for Competition and Regulatory Lawyers (February 23, 2023). 9 Hausfeld Competition Bulletin (1/2023), Article 1, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4371681 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4371681 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4371681
- European Commission and United States Trade Representative, "The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on the Future of Workforces in the European Union and the United States of America: An Economic Study Prepared in Response to the US-EU Trade and Technology Council Inaugural Joint Statement" (2021) https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/default/files/2021-11/impact_artificial_intelligence_future_workforces_eu_usa_en.pdf.
- Briggs, M. and Kodnani, K., 'The Potentially Large Effects of Artificial Intelligence on Economic Growth' (Global Economics Analyst, Goldman Sachs, 26 March 2023).
- See Attia, A. (2021). Reflections of Artificial Intelligence on Unemployment and the Future of Work: Increased Displacement Rate or Increased Productivity?. Journal of Law and Emerging Technologies, 1(1), 159–248. https://doi.org/10.54873/jolets.v1i1.13 DOI: https://doi.org/10.54873/jolets.v1i1.13
- Alexander, M., 'Are You Hung Up on That Career Path You Didn't Choose?' (2023) Harvard Business Review, March https://hbr.org/2023/03/are-you-hung-up-on-that-career-path-you-didnt-choose accessed 26 April 2023.
- QAA, 'Academic Integrity Network Meeting' (16 March 2023) https://www.qaa.ac.uk/docs/qaa/members/academic-integrity-network-meeting-march-2023.pdf?sfvrsn=758ab81_6 accessed 26 April 2023.
- Zhavoronkov, A. and GPT, 'Rapamycin in the context of Pascal's Wager: generative pre-trained transformer perspective' (2022) 9 Oncoscience 82-84 https://doi.org/10.18632/oncoscience.571 accessed 26 April 2023; GPT, Osmanovic Thunström, A. & Steingrimsson, S., 'Deep Reinforcement Learning for Real-Time Adaptive Traffic Signal Control: A Realistic Simulation Study' (2022) Preprint at HAL https://hal.science/hal-03701250 accessed 26 April 2023
- Texas Tech University McCabe Academic Integrity Survey Report June 2010 | Office of Planning and Assessment Devin DuPree and Sabrina Sattler | (June 2010)
المراجع
McCarthy, J., Minsky, M. L., Rochester, N., & Shannon, C. E. (2006). A Proposal for the Dartmouth Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence, August 31, 1955. AI Magazine, 27(4), 12. https://doi.org/10.1609/aimag.v27i4.1904
Wooldridge, M., 'A Brief History of Artificial Intelligence: What It Is, Where We Are, and Where We Are Going'
(2021) The Master Algorithm: How the Quest for the Ultimate Learning Machine Will Remake Our World [Online] https://www.penguin.co.uk/articles/2021/march/a-brief-history-of-artificial-intelligence.html accessed 24 April
Interesting Engineering, 'AI Might Be the Future for Weather Forecasting' (2019) Interesting Engineering [Online] https://interestingengineering.com/ai-might-be-the-future-for-weather-forecasting accessed 26 April 2023.
See Church, A. (1937). A. M. Turing. On computable numbers, with an application to the Entscheidungs problcm. Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society, 2 s. vol. 42 (1936–1937), pp. 230–265. The Journal of Symbolic Logic, 2(1), 42-43. doi:10.2307/2268808 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S002248120003958X
Copeland, Jack (ed.) (2004). 'The Essential Turing: Seminal Writings in Computing, Logic, Philosophy, Artificial Intelligence, and Artificial Life: Plus the Secrets of Enigma'. Oxford University Press, and Copeland, Jack, (1997) 'The Church-Turing Thesis' Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy [Online) https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/church-turing/ accessed 24 April 2023.
Turing, A.M. (1950) Computing Machinery and Intelligence. Mind, 59, 433-460. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/mind/LIX.236.433
Independent, 'John McCarthy: Computer scientist known as the father of Al' (2011).
Saxena, A., 'Rosenblatt's perceptron, the first modern neural network' (2019) Towards Data Science [Online] https://towardsdatascience.com/rosenblatts-perceptron-the-first-modern-neural-network-3f08dfdacc80 accessed
April 2023.
Kurzweil, R., The Singularity Is Near: When Humans Transcend Biology (Penguin, 2006).
Stanford University, 'Arthur Samuel (1901-1990) (n.d.) Stanford University [Online] http://infolab.stanford.edu/pub/voy/museum/samuel.html accessed 24 April 2023.
Brownlee, J., 'Types of Learning in Machine Learning' (2019) Machine Learning Mastery [Online] https://machinelearningmastery.com/types-of-learning-in-machine-learning/ accessed 6 May 2023.
ENLETS, 'Final Synthetic Reality: Deep fakes Impact on Police Work' (2021) [PDF] Available at:
11.21.pdf accessed 25 April 2023.
Brownlee, J., 'What Are Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs)?' (2019) Machine Learning Mastery [Online] https://machinelearningmastery.com/what-are-generative-adversarial-networks-gans/ accessed 6 May 2023.
Pathmind Wiki, 'Generative Adversarial Network (GAN)' (n.d.) Pathmind Wiki [Online) https://wiki.pathmind.com/generative-adversarial-network-gan accessed 25 April 2023.
Clickworker, 'Generative Adversarial Networks' (n.d.) Clickworker [Online] https://www.clickworker.com/ai-glossary/generative-adversarial-networks/ accessed 6 May 2023.
Arjovsky, M., Chintala, S. and Bottou, L., 'Wasserstein GAN' (2017) Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 30, Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS), Long Beach, California, 4-9 December 2017, pp. 5769-5779. [Online] Available at: https://proceedings.neurips.cc/paper files/paper/2017/file/3f5ee243547dee91fbd053c1c4a845aa-Paper.pdf (last accessed: 6 May 2023).
Guru99, 'Seq2Seq Model: Deep Learning for Sequence-to-Sequence Learning' (2022) Guru99 [Online] https://www.guru99.com/seq2seg-model.html accessed 6 May 2023.
Kapoor, R., 'Day 1-2: Attention Seq2Seq Models' (2019) Towards Data Science [Online]
https://towardsdatascience.com/dav-1-2-attention-seq2seq-models-65dt3t49e263 accessed 6 May 2023.
Mei, K., 'How ChatGPT Works: The Models Behind the Bot' (2021) Towards Data Science [Online] https://towardsdatascience.com/how-chatgpt-works-the-models-behind-the-bot-1c5fca96286 accessed
May 2023.
Gates, B., 'The Age of Al Has Begun' Gates Notes [Online] https://www.gatesnotes.com/The-Age-of-Al-Has-Begun accessed 24 April 2023.
Smith, B., 'Reinventing Search with a New, Al-Powered Microsoft Bing and Edge-Your Copilot for the Web'
(2023) Microsoft Blog [Online] https://blogs.microsoft.com/biog/2023/02/07/reinventing-search-with-a-new-ai-powered-microsoft-bing-and-edge-your-copilot-for-the-web/accessed 24 April 2023.
Title 17, US Code (2022).
Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, c 48, s 16 to 28
Griffiths, J., "Moral Rights from a Copyright Perspective" (2015) 38(3) European Intellectual Property Review 145-151.
Kretschmer, M., & Klimis, G. M., 'Understanding the Value of Copyright' (2019) 14(1) Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice 5
Getty Images (US), Inc. v Stability AI, Inc., D. Del., No. 1:99-mc-09999, filed 2/3/23.
T. Rowe Price, 'Al: The Next Big Thing Is Here, and Everywhere' (2019)
https://www.troweprice.com/content/dam/tpd/Articles/PDFS/5885%20A1%20THE%20NEXT%20BIG%20THING%2015%20HERE,%20AND%20EVERYWHERE.pdf accessed 25 April 2023
Directive (EU) 2019/790 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 April 2019 on copyright and related rights in the Digital Single Market and amending Directives 96/9/EC and 2001/29/EC OJ L 130/92 (2019)
Bus LR 375, [2021] EWCA Civ 1374, [2021] RPC 19, Thaler (Appellant) v Comptroller-General of Patents, Designs and Trademarks (Respondent) (UK court of appeal)
(3) In the case of a literary, dramatic, musical or artistic work which is computer-generated, the author shall be taken to be the person by whom the arrangements necessary for the creation of the work are undertaken.
US Copyright Office, 'Artificial Intelligence and Copyright' (Policy Guidance, 22 December 2020) https://www.copyright.gov/ai/ai_policy_guidance.pdf accessed 25 April 2023
N Bodenhausen, 'Artificial Intelligence and the Limits of Legal Personality' (2020) 7(2) European Journal of Legal Studies 48
Garante per la Protezione dei Dati Personali, "Provision of March 30, 2023 [9870832]" (2023) https://www.gpdp.it/web/guest/home/docweb/-/docweb-display/docweb/9870832.
OpenAI, ‘Usage Policies’ (OpenAI, n.d) https://openai.com/policies/usage-policies accessed 25 April 2023.
Singh A, 'Belgian man takes life after 6-week conversations with chatbot about climate issues', ThePrint (2 February 2019) https://theprint.in/world/belgian-man-takes-life-after-6-week-conversations-with-chatbot-about-climate-issues/1483472/?mibextid=Zxz2cZ accessed 25 April 2023.
Bryan Casey, 'The Legal Personhood of Artificial Intelligences' (2019) 33(2) Artificial Intelligence and Law 155. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1344/rbd2019.0.27064
EU Agency for Fundamental Rights, 'Getting the future right – Artificial intelligence and fundamental rights in the EU' (2022) https://fra.europa.eu/sites/default/files/fra_uploads/fra-2022-bias-in-algorithms_en.pdf accessed 26 April 2023.
Lauren Smith, "Machine Bias: Artificial Intelligence and Discrimination" (2019) ResearchGate https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334721591.
Council of Europe, 'European Ethical Charter on the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Judicial Systems' (adopted on 3 December 2020) https://www.europarl.europa.eu/cmsdata/196205/COUNCIL%20OF%20EUROPE%20-%20European%20Ethical%20Charter%20on%20the%20use%20of%20AI%20in%20judicial%20systems.pdf accessed 26 April 2023.
Mobley v. Workday, Inc., N.D. Cal., No. 23-cv-00770, complaint filed 21 February 2023. On February 21, 2023,
Regulation (EU) 2022/1925 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 6 April 2022 on contestable and fair markets in the digital sector (Digital Markets Act) | (2022) | OJ L 145/1 | [Accessed 27 April 2023]
Höppner, Thomas and Streatfeild, Luke, ChatGPT, Bard & Co.: An Introduction to AI for Competition and Regulatory Lawyers (February 23, 2023). 9 Hausfeld Competition Bulletin (1/2023), Article 1, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4371681 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4371681 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4371681
European Commission and United States Trade Representative, "The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on the Future of Workforces in the European Union and the United States of America: An Economic Study Prepared in Response to the US-EU Trade and Technology Council Inaugural Joint Statement" (2021) https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/default/files/2021-11/impact_artificial_intelligence_future_workforces_eu_usa_en.pdf.
Briggs, M. and Kodnani, K., 'The Potentially Large Effects of Artificial Intelligence on Economic Growth' (Global Economics Analyst, Goldman Sachs, 26 March 2023).
See Attia, A. (2021). Reflections of Artificial Intelligence on Unemployment and the Future of Work: Increased Displacement Rate or Increased Productivity?. Journal of Law and Emerging Technologies, 1(1), 159–248. https://doi.org/10.54873/jolets.v1i1.13 DOI: https://doi.org/10.54873/jolets.v1i1.13
Alexander, M., 'Are You Hung Up on That Career Path You Didn't Choose?' (2023) Harvard Business Review, March https://hbr.org/2023/03/are-you-hung-up-on-that-career-path-you-didnt-choose accessed 26 April 2023.
QAA, 'Academic Integrity Network Meeting' (16 March 2023) https://www.qaa.ac.uk/docs/qaa/members/academic-integrity-network-meeting-march-2023.pdf?sfvrsn=758ab81_6 accessed 26 April 2023.
Zhavoronkov, A. and GPT, 'Rapamycin in the context of Pascal's Wager: generative pre-trained transformer perspective' (2022) 9 Oncoscience 82-84 https://doi.org/10.18632/oncoscience.571 accessed 26 April 2023; GPT, Osmanovic Thunström, A. & Steingrimsson, S., 'Deep Reinforcement Learning for Real-Time Adaptive Traffic Signal Control: A Realistic Simulation Study' (2022) Preprint at HAL https://hal.science/hal-03701250 accessed 26 April 2023
Texas Tech University McCabe Academic Integrity Survey Report June 2010 | Office of Planning and Assessment Devin DuPree and Sabrina Sattler | (June 2010)
