The Adoption of Open Banking Concept to Regulate Arab Countries Digital Payment
Corresponding Author(s) : Dr. Sherif Mohsen Abdelfattah Shaltout
Journal of Law and Emerging Technologies,
Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023)
Abstract
The emergence of fintech has disrupted the traditional banking landscape, challenging the notion that banks are the sole providers of financial services. In the past, entrepreneurs were often seen as disruptors to traditional banking models. However, banks have now recognized the value of collaborating with fintech companies to expand the range and accessibility of financial products and services for customers. The payment industry has become a focal point for banks and fintech startups, with the proliferation of new payment options, such as mobile payments.
By leveraging fintech advancements, banks can offer diverse payment solutions to customers without having to develop them in-house. This study examines the current regulatory landscape of payment systems, identifies existing payment governance practices, and proposes recommendations to enhance the digital payment environment in Arab countries while addressing significant regulatory concerns.
Understanding the evolving relationship between banks and fintech firms, as well as the regulatory considerations surrounding digital payments, is crucial for industry participants, policymakers, and regulators. By exploring these topics, this study aims to provide valuable insights and guidance for navigating the changing payment landscape effectively and fostering a robust digital payment ecosystem in Arab countries.
Through this examination, the study intends to contribute valuable guidance for Arab countries in developing a robust and regulated digital payment ecosystem, fostering financial inclusion, and promoting innovation in the region.
Keywords
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- API agreements: Why they matter & how to get them right. (2023, April 12). Retrieved from michalsons: https://www.michalsons.com/blog/api-agreements-why-they-matter-how-to-get-them-right/65117
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References
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apigee. (2012). Governance, Risk, Compliance , and APIs. Retrieved from apigee: https://cloud.google.com/files/apigee/apigee-governance-risk-compliance-apis-ebook.pdf
BIS Committee on Payment and settelment Systems . (2003). A glossary of terms used in payments and settlement systems. Retrieved from https://www.bis.org/cpmi/glossary_030301.pdf
CBE. (2022). Consumer Protection. Retrieved from CBE.
CTMB, T. C. (2023). System, Payment Service and Payment. Retrieved from TCMB: https://www.tcmb.gov.tr/wps/wcm/connect/EN/TCMB+EN/Main+Menu/Core+Functions/Payment+Systems/Key+Issues/Payment+Service+and+Payment+System/#:~:text=In%20this%20case%2C%20the%20banks,used%20for%20interbank%20money%20transfers
Dize Dinckol, P. O. (2023). egulatory standards and consequences for industry architecture: The case of UK Open Banking. ELSEVIER. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/AMBPP.2022.16634abstract
EBA European Banking Authoroity. (2022). Guidelines on authorisation and registration under PSD2. Retrieved from EBA: https://www.eba.europa.eu/regulation-and-policy/payment-services-and-electronic-money/guidelines-on-authorisation-and-registration-under-psd2
Exit Planning for Microsoft Cloud Services. (2020, August). Retrieved from microsoft.com: https://query.prod.cms.rt.microsoft.com/cms/api/am/binary/RWBkvx
FATF . (2020, March). Digital Identity. Retrieved from https://www.fatf-gafi.org/en/publications/Financialinclusionandnpoissues/Digital-identity-guidance.html
Federal Reserve Bank Of ST.LOUIS. (2021, March 28). Consumer Protection in the Fintech Era. Retrieved from https://www.stlouisfed.org/en/on-the-economy/2021/march/consumer-protection-fintech-era
FinnTech Magazine. (2023, Feb 12). How BaaS unlocks vast opportunities for the banking sector. Retrieved from FinnTech Magazine: https://fintechmagazine.com/articles/how-baas-unlocks-vast-opportunities-for-the-banking-sector
gSLM. (2012). Improving EGI’s Service Level Management – an initial view. Retrieved from https://documents.egi.eu/public/RetrieveFile?docid=894&version=5&filename=ImprovingEGIServiceManagement.pdf
Hornuf, C. H. (2018). The emergence of the global fintech market: economic and technological determinants. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324050315_The_emergence_of_the_global_fintech_market_economic_and_technological_determinants
Hornuf, C. H. (n.d.). The emergence of the global fintech market: economic and technological determinants.
IEEE. (2022). Service Level Agreement with Differentiated Reliability Requirements : Efficiency of Application in Communication Networks and On-Board Systems. Retrieved from https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9744377
IEEE. (2022). THE URGENCY OF ELECTRONIC KNOW YOUR CUSTOMER (E-KYC): HOW ELECTRONIC CUSTOMER IDENTIFICATION WORKS TO PREVENT MONEY LAUNDERING IN THE FINTECH INDUSTRY. doi:https://doi.org/10.14710/dilrev.7.1.2022.34-52
Impact of PSD2 on The Payment Services Market . (2021, Oct 26). Retrieved from sciendo: https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/wrlae-2021-0008
Innovation through BaaS and embedded finance. (2023). Retrieved from Finntech Futures: https://www.fintechfutures.com/2023/05/innovation-through-baas-and-embedded-finance/
L. S. (2020, November ). Egypt’s New Banking Law. Retrieved from https://www.lynxegypt.com/assets/pdfs/Business-Bulletin-Banking.pdf
Li, G. (2022, july 22). Fintech, Bank Risk-Taking, and Risk-Warning for Commercial Banks in the Era of Digital Technology. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.934053 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.934053
Markos Zachariadis, P. O. (2017). The API Economy and Digital Transformation in Financial Services: The Case of Open Banking. SSRN. Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2975199 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2975199
Michon, M. (2022, April 22). Understanding an API provider's privacy policy. Retrieved from Bearer : https://www.bearer.com/blog/understanding-an-api-providers-privacy-policy
Official Journal of the European Union. (2015). DIRECTIVE (EU) 2015/2366 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL. Retrieved from https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32015L2366
OICU, B. (2012). Principles for financial market InfraStructure. BIS Committee on Payment and Settelmemnt Systems.
Omarini, A. (2021). Unbundling and re-bundling in the open industry of banking. Routledge. Retrieved from https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9780429292903-15/fintechs-anna-omarini
Omarini, A. (2021). Unbundling and re-bundling in the open industry of banking. Retrieved from https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9780429292903-15/fintechs-anna-omarini
Regulation of e-payments in the UAE as businesses cash-in on cash-less solutions. (2017). Retrieved from The Legal 500: https://www.inhouselawyer.co.uk/legal-briefing/regulation-of-e-payments-in-the-uae-as-businesses-cash-in-on-cash-less-solutions/
Robert E. Raygan, P. (2017). The Ultimate Big Data Enterprise Initiative: Defining Functional Capabilities for an International Information System (IIS) for Orbital Space Data (OSD). Retrieved from https://amostech.com/TechnicalPapers/2017/SSA/Raygan.pdf
SAMA issues draft regulation of payments law for public consultation. (2022, April 7). Retrieved from Argaam: https://www.argaam.com/en/article/articledetail/id/1550402
Simpson, J. (2022, September 27). How to Set SLAs for Cloud APIs. Retrieved from NORDIC: https://nordicapis.com/how-to-set-slas-for-cloud-apis/
Theresa M. Weisenberger. (2022). Application Programming Interfaces (APIs). LexixNexis/ Practical Guidance , 3 4.
Thomsett, L. W. (2019). The Digital Banking Revolution . Deutche Nationalbibliografie. Retrieved from https://books.google.com.eg/books?hl=en&lr=&id=YDrEDwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PR7&dq=The+financial+landscape+has+undergone+significant+transformations+throughout+history,+with+each+era+of+Fintech+bringing+unique+advancements+and+challenges.+Fintech+firms+have+had
Welcome Sibanda, E. N. (2020, March 30). Digital technology disruption on bank business models. International Journal of Business performance Managment. Retrieved from https://www.inderscienceonline.com/doi/abs/10.1504/IJBPM.2020.106121
World Bank. (2022). The World Bank. Retrieved from Payment Systems: https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/paymentsystemsremittances#:~:text=Payment%20%26%20settlement%20systems%20are%20mechanisms,and%20help%20expand%20financial%20inclusion
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